Estatística e probabilidade: uma proposta para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze which contributions of a Sequência de Ensino (SE), based on the teaching and learning Statistics and Probability, can provoke in the irst years of Elementary School. With the intention to reach this aim, an applied esearch was developed, focusing the quality, with interpretative analysis, in a group of 4th year of Elementary School in a public institution in Curitiba, PR. The theory applied is based on theorists engaged in the Statistics and Probabilities teaching, as well as the competences of literacy and statistical thinking and reasoning, such as Cazorla (2002), Lopes (2003, 2008, 2010, 2010b), Silva (2007), Cazorla, Kataoka and Silva (2010), Jacobini et al. (2010), Campos, Wodewotzki and Jacobini (2011), and others. Initially an analysis about the student's Statistics and Probabilities knowledge was made concerning to the basis contents of Statistics and Probability. Using data collected in a group, it means, contextualized data. Then we could figure out, during the work with the SE, a big interest, disposition and enthusiasm from the students to do the activities, beyond the more pronounced engagement with the content in question. The results of the analysis from the (post-test) referring to the student's performance and achievement after working with the SE showed that the proposal favored the relevant advances regarding the appropriation of the students’ basic contents Statistics and Probability concerning the tabular and graphic representation, probability, combinatorial and half arithmetic. Therefore, it is important to remark that, even with the obtained progress, the students did not understand completely all the systematized knowledge, staying salient the necessity of development of other pedagogical ways of these contents. For this research we designed a didactic support material for teachers working in Elementary school in the early years, with a SE involving the basic Statistics and Probability contents, which is attached in this dissertation.