Qualidade física e química do solo sob pastagem irrigada

Abstract

Pastures are the most economical way to feed cattle, serving as raw material for one of the six most important products of Brazilian agriculture, the milk. The quality of food, along with management, are the main factors that will dictate the productivity of the animals.The mainly mistake is about the soil, wich material is the most important product of the system. Often due to poor adaptation of the animal load of the lot to the area explored, interfering with the physical factors and the chemical availability of nutrients, the plants directly interfering in the productive efficiency of forage biomass. The objective of this study is to evaluate physical and chemical quality of soil in irrigated pastures in five properties distributed in the cities of Dois Vizinhos, Salto do Lontra, Nova Prata do Iguaçu, São Jorge do Oeste and Cruzeiro do Iguaçu, covering the micro region of Dois Vizinhos -PR, proposing alternatives for improving soil quality and increasing milk production. The Physical and chemical evaluations heve been accomplished carried out in the soil laboratory of the Federal Technological University of Paraná, campus Dois Vizinhos, from June to August 2017, from soil samples collected in the five previously described properties. The analyzed variables will be Macroporosity (Ma), Microporosity (Mi), Total Porosity (Tp), Soil Density (Sd), Density of Particle (Dp), Penetration Resistance (Pr), pH, SMP, Organic Matter , Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K). The chemical properties evaluated were not limiting to pasture productivity. It is recommended that farmers, fertilization and liming according to the interpretation of soil analyzes, because the excess brings environmental problems, in addition to the reduction of profits to the farmer. Physical properties are affected by compaction generated by animal trampling, with limiting values for macroporosity, very close to critical levels for soil density and also for penetration resistance.