Qualidade de sementes crioulas de feijão

Abstract

Beans are one of the most important national cultures, and beyond it be consumed on all continents, it is part of the food base for the majority of the Brazilian population. Thus, it is very important to use quality seeds in order to have a stand of suitable plants ensuring higher productivity. Therefore, the main goal of this project is to evaluate the agronomic, physiological and health characteristics of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and also the incidence of diseases to the field, relationship with their productivity, and seed quality. It was accomplished in a field experiment with 37 varieties of landraces beans from the state of Paraná, the experimental design is a randomized block with three replications. Each plot consisted of two rows (4m x 0.5m) totaling 8m². During the cycle it was estimated: phenology, morphology and reaction to diseases. After the harvest, agronomic parameters it was evaluated, such as: productivity, 1000 seeds mass, number of pods and seeds per plant in addition to physiological and health analyzes. With the help of the Software Genes, analysis of variance was performed to 5% significance and mean comparison tests (Scott-Knott 5% probability). On productivity, it was observed that the Variety Serrana Vagem Roxa, Cavalo UMPR, Rosinha and Serrana Vagem Branca showed potential when compared to estimates of national productivity. Regarding the laboratory tests although the seeds do not present the necessary vigor to be marketed as seed, they demonstrate a good viability, indicating whether they were produced with the rigor of a seed field they would probably have a greater vigor. Pathogens which considerably reduce the productivity found in this way is indicated that seed treatment should be done. Therefore it can be concluded that there is great genetic variability in the germplasm studied allowing the use of it in bean breeding programs.