Avaliação do desempenho de sistemas de zona de raízes (wetlands construídas) em escala piloto aplicados ao tratamento de efluente sintético

Abstract

Technological arrangements that integrate systems root zone are presented as plausible option for effluents treatment, mainly because of their simplicity in construction, low cost of implementation/operation and efficiency in removing pollutants. These systems act as biological filters planted with macrophytes, applied to the treatment of domestic and industrial sewage. The present study aimed at the construction and monitoring of two pilot systems for sewage treatment of the roots zones of free vertical hydraulic flow and drowned, mounted in plastic containers with a total volume of 220L each. They were cultivated plant species Canna x generalis LH Bailey (cana indica), heliophytic rhizomatous plant with ornamental foliage and colorful flowers, grown on the support medium with layers of gravel and sand. The systems were fed synthetic substrate with glucose as carbon source, under hydraulic application rate of 125,8 L.m-2.day-1 an organic material and in terms of COD of 300,93± mg.L-1. The drowned system flow had removal efficiencies of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, COD and PO4 de, 55±17%, 95±6% e 46±11%respectively. In the system of free flow efficiencies for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen removal, COD and PO4 were 57 ± 11%, 96 ± 6% and 41 ± 11%, showing high removal of organic matter and nutrients for the two models studied.