Modelagem e simulação do comportamento não linear de um transformador

Abstract

Magnetic materials in core´s transformers cause significant influence device´s operation and consequently on electrical energy quality. This is due to the non-linear behavior of the magnetic materials. Studying nonlinearity consequences could generate subsidies to optimize transformer designs seeking ways of improving performance, efficiency, cost, size and volume. The effects of non-linearity of electromagnetic devices are complex, but it is possible to verify them by means of simulation. In simulation, a way of approaching the actual operation of the device, in addition to analitycal methods, is using numerical methods. In this context, this work aims to analyze the nonlinear behavior of a three-phase transformer using simulations programs, to verify the applicability of these programs in undergrade courses. For this, it was necessary to carry out tests with the transformer for obtaining its electrical parameters, the material´s magnetization curve, B-H loop, voltage and current values and graphs of the device operating in load and non-load condition. The transformer was modeled and simulated using simulation programs, one of them using the analytical method (Matlab®) and the other using the finite element method (FEMM). The results of the simulations performed in Matlab® were compared with experimental results, where as in the FEMM the simulation was interrupted due to lack of program resources. In any case, at the end of the work it was possible to verify the performance of the simulation programs when applied to the transformers.