Desenvolvimento de um sistema de rastreamento solar microcontrolado para painéis solares

Abstract

Generally, photovoltaic solar energy systems have their solar panels installed in a fixed position, which is strategically chosen to have the best possible use. The fixed position causes the solar energy to be misused during the day, so this work proposes the creation of a mobile prototype that tracks the best position to generate electricity. The developed tracker consists of two pairs of light sensors, two servant motors, a microcontroller (PIC16F877A) and a mechanical structure. The prototype verified the average power and voltage values in the photoresist of the three types of systems: fixed, one axis and two tracking axes, and compare the obtained values. To verify these values, we used the Labview software with Arduino assistance. With this work it was possible to verify that the solar followers increase the use of photovoltaic panels satisfactorily throughout the day, but the two-axis follower had results incompatible with the literature. The code for moving the servo motors according to the voltage variation in the photoresist worked correctly.