Avaliação do efeito alelopático de capim pé de galinha (Eleusine indica) sobre a germinação e desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de milho (Zea mays) e trigo (Triticum aestivum)

Abstract

Allelopathy is the concept used to describe positive or negative influence that a plant has on another. Allelochemicals are synthesized by the plant’s secondary metabolism and, when released into the environment, they interact, favoring or harming the germination and development of nearby plants. With the use of the no - tillage system and crop rotation, problems have been observed in the establishment of crops on vegetable remainings that may be related to allelopathics ubstances. This work aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of E. indica extract on germination and initial development of corn and wheat. Untreated corn and wheat seeds were used to construct the germination test on a germinative roll paper. The experiment was composed by 5 treatments (extract concentrations) being T1 (0.0%), T2 (1.0%), T3 (2.5%), T4 (5.0%) and T5 (10.0%). For corn seeds, eight replicates with 25 seeds for each treatment were performed. For wheat, 4 replicates with 50 seeds were perfor med in reason of their smaller size. The paper rolls containing the seeds were placed in perforated plastic boxes and remained under temperature and light controlled conditions for eight days. The evaluated parameters were Germination (%), Strong Seedlings (%), Intermediate Seedlings (%), Weak Seedlings (%), Abnormal Seedlings (%), Dead Seedlings (%) and for seedlings desenvolviment were evaluated Air Part Length (cm), Length of radicle (cm) and Green Mass (g). Data were submitted to Tukey's methods at 5% and regression analysis using Minitab Statistical Software. The achieved results allow to demonstrate that the extract has allelopathic effect on germination and development of corn and wheat seedlings.