Relações de poder na elaboração do planejamento governamental municipal: o caso da microrregião de Ponta Grossa/Paraná pela ótica da elite política executiva

Abstract

The Federal Constitution of 1988 provided more inclusive perspectives of the civil society in public decision-making policies, such as referendums, plebiscites, management councils, audiences, among others, in an attempt to change the orthodoxy of the centralism on decision-making practiced up to that moment. However, studies about social participation practices started to denounce limitations on the civil society empowerment caused by the neoliberal conjuncture in Brazil. This has impacted on the concentration of deliberative power over public decisions in the hands of restricted actors in political society. On the other hand, these studies do not present results about power relations developed in the elaboration of municipal government planning, materialized in the multiyear plan, an essential policy for the establishment of government actions to be implemented in face of the most varied social demands. Starting from this research gap, it would be necessary to answer the following questions: who are and how do the actors of political society and civil society participate in the municipal government planning elaboration? By means of a case study on the preparation of the multiyear plan 2018 - 2021 to the Ponta Grossa’s microregion at the State of Paraná, the present study aims to investigate the power relations established in the elaboration of the municipal government planning by the political executive elite’s point of view. To justify better the results obtained, it is adopted the observance of ideological profiles of political elites and the distinctions between public thematic areas. This research is methodologically characterized as descriptive and explanatory, being based on a single case study using the technique of interviews with the Executive Power political elites at the microregion. As a result, there is a panorama on the elaboration of governmental planning based on the concentration of deliberative power in the executive political elite, more precisely, in the Secretaries / Presidents of the thematic areas, and civil society participation in an advisory form, regardless of the ideological profile identified, although with some exceptions in thematic areas with greater deliberation and self-management from civil society. This scenario, in general, reflects regulations of social participation not always implemented and ideological profiles of the elites studied more focused on the defense of social participation as advisory and monitoring. Given the results and literature presented throughout the theory, which advocate to the civil society and its organized segments participation in a deliberative way, it is recommended that the political elites it is recommended that political elites adopt a more democratic governance through the promotion of such empowerment, as well as through thematic and collegial deliberative conferences aimed at the elaboration of the multiyear plans, aiming at the regional and political development of citizens.