Desempenho agronômico da soja sob influência de diferentes fertilizantes

Abstract

Despite being a common practice in plantations throughout the country, the use of limestone is not always synonymous with maximum productivity or the most cost-effective option. Technological advances in agriculture have led to the emergence of more effective products that contribute to optimizing overall production. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of using fertilizers such as Calsite, Force S, Isofertil Force S Plus, and NutPhos, which have higher solubility compared to limestone, on soybean productivity. The experiment was conducted at the UTFPR experimental unit, using a randomized block design with 20 plots, each measuring 45 square meters (5.0 x 9.0 meters). The treatments consisted of: T1 (Control), T2 (Limestone 2800 kg per hectare), T3 (Calsite 500 kg per hectare + Force S 400 kg per hectare), T4 (Isofertil Force S Plus 300 kg per hectare), and T5 (NutPhos 300 kg per hectare), all applied uniformly 100 days before planting the soybean crop. The doses were recommended according to the protocol established by the company TMF. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, thousand-grain weight, and productivity. The application of fertilizers from the TMF company did not result in significant agronomic responses, except for the thousand-grain weight. The lack of effects on the other variables may be related to soil conditions, which exhibited a high potential fertility, with adequate pH, base saturation, and organic matter content. Additionally, the soil showed levels of calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus above the critical values recommended for soybeans, along with the absence of Al³z, conditions that ensure an adequate nutrient supply for the full development of the crop. This suggests that in soils with high fertility, soybean response to fertilizer application may be limited. Therefore, the importance of soil analysis before fertilization is emphasized, as in soils with high nutrient availability, increases in productivity tend to be less pronounced.