Modelo para a gestão da sustentabilidade baseado no pensamento do ciclo de vida de produtos da bioeconomia circular

Abstract

The circular bioeconomy (CBE) is an emerging concept in sustainability science, attracting increasing interest due to its potential environmental benefits. However, there is still no conclusive evidence regarding its effective contribution to economic and social sustainability. In this context, life cycle thinking (LCT) offers a comprehensive approach by considering the environmental, economic, and social impacts of products throughout all stages of their life cycle. Using three complementary techniques 4 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) 4 LCT proves to be a promising path to clarify the uncertainties related to the sustainability of the CBE. Given this scenario, this thesis proposes a model for managing the life cycle sustainability of products generated within the CBE, taking into account environmental, economic, and social impacts. To achieve this goal, a literature review was first conducted on the intersection of LCT and CBE, followed by the development of the model structured in two methodological phases (initial assessment and continuous improvement) and composed of 15 steps that enable the evaluation and management of the sustainability performance of CBE products. The model was tested and applied in a case study involving a flexible biomaterial as a leather substitute, produced through advanced biotechnological processes and using residues and by-products from the agro-industrial and wood sectors to create a high valueadded product. In the initial assessment, the following were identified: a carbon footprint of 24.43 kg CO₂-eq, with electricity as the main environmental hotspot; a total cost of R$ 368.89; and eight social subcategories with negative performance. After developing and implementing an improvement plan, the results showed significant progress: the carbon footprint was reduced to 8.69 kg CO₂-eq (a 64.43% decrease), costs dropped to R$ 334.71 (a 9.76% reduction), and the number of negatively assessed social subcategories decreased to five. The practical application of the model demonstrated its effectiveness in identifying critical issues, guiding improvements, and supporting decision-making based on real data and an integrated sustainability perspective. It is concluded that the proposed model is a valuable instrument for the systematic evaluation and continuous improvement of product sustainability in the context of the circular bioeconomy, contributing meaningfully to sustainable development.