Desenvolvimento e validação de um questionário para identificar barreiras à participação de profissionais da atenção primária em cursos de capacitação para o aconselhamento em saúde

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to identify barriers to the participation of Primary Care (PC) professionals in training programs focused on health counseling. It is a methodological study that includes the stages of instrument development, content validity assessment, and internal consistency analysis. The questionnaire development was based on a construct definition and a literature review. Content validity was assessed by a panel of eight experts in physical activity and health training. At the same time, internal consistency was tested using data from 137 professionals working in Primary Health Care (PHC) in a municipality in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, who responded to the proposed instrument. The content validity coefficients (CVC) indicated the adequacy of the questionnaire, with mean values of 0.875 for clarity, 0.911 for relevance, and 0.937 for comprehensiveness. Internal consistency was tested using exploratory factor analysis, which confirmed the one-dimensionality of the instrument (UniCo=0.976; ECV=0.854; MIREA=0.252), indicating that all items cluster into a single factor corresponding to barriers. Factor loadings ranged from 0.443 to 0.794, which did not justify the elimination of any item, as this would not reduce the error (RMSEA=0.058; NNFI=0.981; CFI=0.983) nor increase the reliability coefficients, McDonald’s Omega (0.927) or Cronbach’s Alpha (0.926). The findings suggest that the proposed instrument has adequate psychometric properties for identifying barriers to the participation of primary care professionals in health training programs. These insights can help identify aspects that should be improved or avoided when planning educational training in health, potentially enhancing the foundation for counseling and strengthening other health promotion practices.