Avaliação da acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde pública de regiões urbanas de Curitiba considerando o transporte público com análise de grafos e georreferenciamento

Abstract

Hospital services are essential for the population of a region. The basic healthcare units (HU) considered in this work are part of public healthcare services. They aim to assist the lower income population which usually reaches these units by walking or by means of public transport. This work aims to evaluate the accessibility of Curitiba healthcare units considering neighborhoods as origins and HU as destinations. The proposed method is based on indicators to assess the accessibility of population considering: (i) offers of points close to HU, (ii) Frequency of buses and (iii) time of displacement to HU. With the distance indicator is evaluated if the health facilities are located within 500m of a bus stop. The frequency indicator measures the waiting time for a bus at stops near the US. Results show that 97% of the HU have good accessibility. The average bus waiting time at the stops is regular, but 8% of lines were rated as good (with time interval lower than 15 minutes). Finally, from the relationship between population income and neighborhood travel time to a HU within the regional area, an outlier detection model was proposed to identify the most vulnerable neighborhoods, that should be prioritized for public investment or adjustment in the transport network.