Desenvolvimento de questionário de avaliação da implantação da política nacional de mobilidade urbana nos municípios brasileiros

Abstract

Urban mobility studies aim to provide sustainable displacements to guarantee full citizenship, by rationalizing the use of individual vehicles, encouraging the use of public transport and non-motorized means of transport. In order to fulfill this purpose, in 2012 the National Urban Mobility Policy – PNMU was sanctioned, in which the Federal Government stipulates principles, guidelines and objectives to be followed by Brazilian municipalities to achieve this policy at the local level. The objective of this study is to present a proposal for a questionnaire to evaluate the implementation of the PNMU in Brazilian municipalities, with the specific objectives of identifying the state of the art in urban mobility, associating the solutions presented with the PNMU guidelines in force; develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the implementation of the PNMU and present the results of the validation of the questionnaire. Among the research delimitations, it should be noted that the state of the art was achieved through research of scientific articles published between 2012 and 2018 on the bases available in the CAPES Journal Portal, using the keyword “urban mobility” in Portuguese and that the validation of the questionnaire was carried out through its application in 4 municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, under the anonymity of the respondents. The research methodology adopted was through exploratory documentary bibliographic research and qualitative approach. A structured Knowledge Development Process Constructivist – PROKNOW-C was used to build the theoretical framework for the selection and analysis of recent scientific literature on the subject of Urban Mobility. 268 papers were found on the topic and, after the article selection and filtering process, 31 articles were selected to compose the research framework. From the selected articles it was possible to identify the state of the art in urban mobility, as well as the periodicals and prominent authors in this area. 111 mobility solutions presented since the PNMU sanction were highlighted, and these are now grouped into 7 PNMU guidelines, thus forming the basis for the development of the evaluation questionnaire. The last step was the development of the questionnaire and its validation through application in 4 municipalities in Paraná. After analyzing the results, the research validated the proposal for a questionnaire to evaluate the implementation of the PNMU in Brazilian municipalities, an instrument in which it can be applied by any researcher in the mobility area, being able to aggregate the results obtained or even create a group of indexes and Brazilian urban mobility indicators.