Tipologias arquitetônicas e representações de segurança com abordagens na segregação espacial e nos artefatos tecnológicos

Abstract

Security is defined by some authors both as a synonym of certainty and as absence of risk and threats; security is, therefore, a representation of the world, an imaginary ideal. In order to understand the nature of the relations between public and private built environment and the representations of security, this essay presents a group of studies based on the literature from the disciplinary fields of architecture and urban planning and from interdisciplinary fields of security and technology. The gated community, an artifact and produce of urban design built upon concepts and prejudices about security has become the main object of inquiry. The first study, based on newspaper reports and news, made it possible to listen to the narratives of dwellers and of the press about gated communities and investigate how these logics interact with the representations of security and the technological artifacts in urban space. The chapter on representations of security in realtor internet advertisement pages for gated communities has allowed the study of the discourse and myths embedded within the sales pitch which influence prospective buyers. Public squares neighboring residential buildings were evaluated in a search for relationships between architectural characteristics of these public spaces and the actual occurrences of crimes; this has been achieved by means of regression and correlation studies. Users of these public squares were interviewed in regard to their ideas about security. The studies suggest that the theories about the relationship between the environment and the occurrence of crime are important tools for the planning of buildings, but they don't seem applicable at the scale of public urban spaces. The conclusions show that the logic of land use for public and private spaces shows different representations of security.