Uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento aplicadas a gestão ambiental em municípios

Abstract

This work was to issue a temporal analysis using Landsat satellite images of the city of Royalty located in the southwestern region of Paraná State, using geoprocessing techniques in order to determine changes in land use occurred between the years 1985 and 2014. a review of the changes that undergoes a certain area over a time interval can be performed from the image analysis at different times, called temporal analysis process. The GIS used in this work for the processing of vector and raster data was SPRING, generating product as thematic maps for the environmental study of the municipality. To facilitate the identification of changes in municipal land use were used techniques of Digital Image Processing (DIP), and tested different applications of filtering the images to correct the radiometric distortions arising on the acquisition of the images from satellites as well as enhance and soften details the targets were also applied image enhancement techniques to improve spectral information facilitating the visual interpretation and classification of images in land use identification, among IDPs applied to highlight the linear contrast showed the best result. The classification method used was supervised with the classifier Maxver. The results showed that during these 29 years there has been a decrease in forest coverage of 3.66%, 4.8% increase in agriculture class, the urban area 0.4% and 0.7% of water depth, with decrease in pasture areas in the ratio of 0.8% and in the range of 1.32% to exposed soil. The results shows that the application of GIS techniques assists in making decisions regarding the planning of municipal environmental management.