Soluções alternativas coletivas de abastecimento de água: um desafio para a vigilância e o controle da qualidade da água no município de Matelândia/PR

Abstract

Through scientific research about water quality originating from alternative sources, such as underground reserves, wells located on countryside and urban areas it was possible to demonstrate unsatisfactory conditions of the drinkability of water originating from these sources at country level, to the international level, as well as the quality of the water distributed by collective alternative solutions to the water supply in Matelândia/PR. The data were obtained through the Information System of the Surveillance of the Quality of Water to Human Consumption at the Health Ministry. According to the Administrative Rule 2.914/2011 – Health Ministry. These non-conformities can represent a considerable risk to the consumers’ health, bringing about diseases of hydric transmission, which can lead the neediest populations, mainly children, to hospital admissions, even causing death. Studies reveal that there is the occurrence of symptoms associated to hydric transmission diseases, due to the consumption of water of treatment stations without the proper control or monitoring. Other studies show contamination with a high percentage of thermtolerant coliforms in sources of water supply in the country area, reaching in some cases to 100% of the samples. In Matelândia, the alternative solutions show 75, 00% samples out of the drinkability standards. The Escherichia coli, which must also be absent in 100 ml, showed contamination in 28, 12% of the samples. Many problems of the water quality to the human consumption are justified by the fact that the water is compromised from the water reserves collection to the houses distribution. In these, which were shown in the research it was noticed the presence of contamination through total coliforms and Escherichia coli above the level permitted by the present legislation.The Administrative Rule comes to assure that the protection of the population health is guaranteed, obliging the public health authorities to exercise the surveillance of the water quality to human consumption in the several sources of water supply, collective or individual. On this sense, it is necessary an intensive work that must be done in the sense of effectuate the surveillance on the quality of water supply used in the countryside and program actions to clarify this population, in order to sensitize their behavior to the new health and new environmental practices