Avaliação do potencial de poluição do solo e das águas superficiais decorrentes de atividade cemiterial

Abstract

This research describes the results obtained on the physico-chemical and microbiological analyzes in surface waters and in the cemetery of the surrounding ground established in the urban area of the municipality of St. Valentine, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This analyzed the impacts generated by the location of cemetery in urban areas, and for this soil sample collections were conducted at four points, one considered white, outside the area of influence, and the others in the area surrounding and inside the cemetery. were also conducted surface water sampling in two springs located in the area of direct influence of the cemetery and another farther east, also regarded as white spot. The parameters analyzed for copper and zinc were ground and surface water total coliforms were analyzed, Escherichia coli, total alkalinity, ammonia, total hardness, nitrate and dissolved oxygen. Soil test values obtained were less than that set by CONAMA, suggesting that despite the differences between the collection points, the presence of the cemetery is not contaminating the soil of the region. For the analyzes of surface water, the parameters that showed greater changes were ammonia and nitrate, exhibiting low or missing values, and dissolved oxygen, with higher concentration at the nearest point to the cemetery. Already in microbiological testing E. coli showed differences in the occurrence of the collected point and point control, displaying greater contamination near the cemetery. Based on the analyzes performed and the results obtained, it is difficult to attribute to the cemetery to environmental contamination of surface water, requiring the construction of new additional investigative analysis wider and deeper.