Análise dos indicadores e critérios dos rankings globais de universidades pela ótica do conceito de universidade empreendedora

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the indicators and criteria of the world university rankings, with an institutional focus of evaluation, relating them with the concept of entrepreneurial university. In the age of knowledge, higher education institutions have a relevant role in the process of innovation and entrepreneurship in the region in which they find themselves. The concept of entrepreneurial university can be the key to the challenges of universities in the current context, as they are universities that change their traditional processes and structures, responding to the demands of society, with entrepreneurial actions aimed at the economic and social development of the region, without abandoning the basic educational values of a higher education institution. The study is justified due to the social, economic and political importance that stakeholders are giving to each disclosure of international university rankings and the beginning of discussions on the measurement of the entrepreneurial university, such as the collaborative project GEUM – Global Entrepreneurial University Metrics. Therefore, the research strategy adopted is of a qualitative nature and with an descriptive purpose, using secondary data obtained by the international rankings of universities to obtain information on indicators and evaluation criteria and the systematic literature review, using procedures from content analysis to obtain the characteristics of an entrepreneurial university, to assist in thematic analysis, formal, informal and internal factors that influence the development of an entrepreneurial university were attributed. It was identified160 entrepreneurial university characteristics, distributed over 24 institutional factors in the five analytical categories of the study, which are academic staff, entrepreneurial culture, academic management, diversified income and support for innovation. The international ranking agencies selected were CWUR, QS, THE, RUR and U-Multirank, by the institutional assessment approach, analyzing the evolution of the indicators to date and then the relationship between the characteristics found in the thematic analysis with the current ranking indicators and criteria. The U-Multirank evaluation instrument can be considered as the closest to the concept of entrepreneurial university, with 74% of the indicators. However, even só, important characteristics did not appear in the instrument as an academic management strategy, qualification of the academic staff on market practices, policy to encourage entrepreneurial actions, organizational structure with autonomy, entrepreneurial education and infrastructure and resources to support innovation and entrepreneurship.