Proposta de um framework de avaliação de projetos de investimento em inovação tecnológica de startup

Abstract

The contemporary commercial panorama is characterized by volatility, risks and uncertainties, especially in companies based on innovation and technology. Brazil, even in times of crisis, presents an expansion in the number of startups, favoring the development of research to help entrepreneurs with the difficulties of this business modality. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop a decision support framework, which can help entrepreneurs of startups in the global understanding of investment. To support the development of the framework, the literature was searched for indications of relevant instruments that can help in the construction of business plans for startups. As an intervention instrument, the Methodi Ordinatio - MO was used, which enabled the systematic literature review (RSL). The main results of the RSL indicate that the instruments traditionally used in startups do not contemplate the specificity of this type of enterprise. Moreover, it is necessary to include economic-financial, environmental, and social sustainability practices, as a way to meet the emerging demands. Based on the knowledge produced by the analysis of the articles classified in the RSL, five dimensions of investment project analysis were proposed, which integrate the so-called Golden Circle Plus (GCP). The enterprise overview, provided by the GCP, allowed the development of the Framework for the Assessment of Investment Projects in Startup Technological Innovation (FAPIITS), which was idealized through the expansion of the Golden Circle (GC) method and the adaptation of the Lean Canvas. The framework was developed from the attribution of stages related to the planning, management and evaluation of startups to each dimension of the PCM and refined from the practice in an incubated company in the area of information technology. The results suggest that the proposed framework provided a broad view of the business, the definition of strategies, the identification of opportunities, the analysis of returns and risks, and favors assertiveness in decision making. Furthermore, the instrument proposed in this research differs from others available in the literature because it contemplates the global analysis of the investment considering the context of the organization and the new demands of the economic, social and environmental scenario.