Proposta de modelo conceitual de critérios ambientais para contratação pública de obras rodoviárias federais

Abstract

The incorporation of the environment variable in procurement processes is a topic that has been gradually introduced into the Public Administration routines. Within this context, Green Public Procurement is an important instrument to reduce the environmental impact of organizations, which contributes to the promotion of the rational and efficient use of natural resources and the dissemination of environmentally sustainable best practices. This study aims to propose a conceptual model of environmental criteria for public procurement of federal road works, through the content analysis of tenders of a federal road agency. The environmental criteria of 153 public tenders for road works in the State of Paraná, published from 2006 to 2021, were analyzed with reference to a list of criteria for European Union Green Public Procurement. From the identification and categorization of environmental criteria, and through the classification of the requirement levels of these criteria, it was possible to define the level of compliance with the criteria in the tender, and thus, propose a conceptual model that could relate the environmental category, the type of road work, the type of criteria and their respective indicators. The results show a level of compliance with environmental criteria of 19%, a low value in comparison with studies conducted in European Union countries. This limitation, combined with the large percentage of criteria classified as generic, mainly due to the imprecision and lack of clarity in their descriptions, indirectly confirm that the lack of knowledge on how to formulate specific environmental criteria is an important obstacle to be considered for sustainable contracts. Given these limitations, the proposition of the conceptual model, adapted to local conditions, highlights the need to clearly establish the environmental criteria in the public tenders, to be applied in the form of: definition of the object of the tender, technical description of the good or service, requirements for bidder qualification, bid evaluation, as well as establish contractual clauses. The suggested model presents guidelines and recommendations to those involved in procurement processes, in order to contribute to sustainable development and to the continuous improvement of road works.