Desenvolvimento de tecnologia para a fabricação de artigo textil antimicrobiano usando resíduos como matéria-prima

Abstract

The consumption of polyester-based products (PES) has increased all over the world, and the textile segment is one of the main culprits. As a result, a large amount of PES textile waste is being deposited into the environment, which causes irreparable environmental damage. The recycling process generates a series of social and economic advantages for the reinsertion of an equivalent product through chemical or physical processes. Chemical recycling is a process that allows for the recovery of PES monomers. This technique can be performed using basic ethanolysis to obtain terephthalic acid (TPA). Recycled TPA (RTPA) is a viable input in the synthesis of metal organic framework (MOF). These structures are made up of metallic ions and physical binders and are classified as porous materials with high added value. Thus, the use of secondary materials in the synthesis of MOFs generate strategic routes for their production. ECO-Cu(bdc) is a MOF composed of RTPA and copper, which has antimicrobial properties, showing itself as a promising material in combating the spread of contagious diseases. Therefore, this study presents an ecologically correct and economically viable technology for the manufacture of antimicrobial finishes on PES fabrics. The generated materials were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The functionalized polyester fabric was verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microbiota analysis and colorimetric evaluation. The results indicated pure RTPA and the growth of Eco-Cu(bdc) crystals. The fabric covered with Eco-Cu(bdc) showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and high particle fixation after washing. This study presents innovative measures to promote the minimization of economic and environmental problems caused by the disposal of textile waste, based on the development of a promising antimicrobial method in PES fibers.