Cultivo in vitro, diversidade genética e análise bibliométrica de mandioquinha-salsa

Abstract

Peruvian carrot is a tuberous vegetable grown in several countries, Brazil being the largest producer. The species is propagated vegetatively and planting is limited to a few cultivars. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro development and the genetic diversity of peruvian carrot cultivars and, through a bibliometric analysis, to measure the state of the art of publications and research with the culture. For the in vitro propagation studies, three trials were carried out. In the first, the effect of photoperiod (10, 12 and 14 h) in different cultivars (Amarela de Senador Amaral, BRS Catarina 64 and BRS Rubia 41) was evaluated. In the second, the in vitro response of the cultivars was evaluated and in the third experiment, the response of the cultivars to different combinations of GA3 and AIB was evaluated. The trials were carried out in a completely randomized design and compared using the Tukey test at 5%. For the study of genetic diversity, 11 genotypes were analyzed using 10 SSR primers. Genetic similarity was analyzed using the Dice coefficient and the dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA clustering method. The state of the art was measured through a bibliometric analysis, which consisted of a search in the Web of Science database, using the terms “Arracacia xanthorrhiza”, “arracacha”, “peruvian carrot” and “mandioquinha-salsa”. The time interval used was between the years 1967 and 2021 and the generated file was analyzed in the bibliometrix package, using the biblioshiny extension. In all genotypes there was abundant in vitro regeneration. There was no effect of photoperiod on cultivar development and the in vitro response was different according to cultivars. The cultivars that best responded to shoot proliferation were BRS Catarina 64 and BRS Rubia 41. BRS Catarina 64 showed better responses for number of shoots and leaves in medium with GA3 and IBA. The analysis of genetic diversity resulted in the formation of four groups. Of the 11 genotypes studied, eight belong to the same group and the average similarity was 0.76, emphasizing the low genetic variability existing in the crop. The genotype that presented the least similarity with the others was BRS Acarijó 56. The bibliometric analysis showed that the persimmon is little explored by the scientific community and the studies are mainly directed to the physicochemical properties of the starch, with Brazil being the country with the highest highlighted in research. New studies involving research on carrots are important, both to subsidize its cultivation by farmers, and to increase the genetic variability existing in the culture.