Levantamento bibliográfico sobre a relação entre cânceres e contaminação por agrotóxico no Brasil

Abstract

The incidence of cancer has increased, especially in regions with greater socioeconomic development, with environmental factors and genetic alterations accounting for most of these cases. Brazil has the highest consumption of pesticides in the world, and is not related to higher productivity, about 30% of agrochemicals released in Brazil were banned from Europe. The present work had as objective the bibliographic survey on cancer and the relation with pesticides in Brazil. The research was carried out with several bibliographical references, such as books, scientific articles and magazines that elucidate the relation of cancers with the contamination by the use of pesticides. These bibliographies have been searched in internet databases, such as portals for access to works of interest, references cited by authors that are considered fundamental for those who work on cancer relations with pesticides. The main portals used were Google Scholar, Scielo, Science Direct and thesis bank of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), as well as organizations and institutions dedicated to the study and treatment of cancer. For this reason, the accomplishment of the bibliographic research about the studied subject, promoted knowledge and base of several authors, providing different information in the chosen area. A total of 60 publications were found in the databases, including papers, theses, dissertations and books published in the period from 2005 to 2018. The research approach is qualitative, which can be defined as the use of theoretical bases and the absence of instruments statistical analysis in data analysis. We selected articles in which 1) approached the topic of pesticides and cancer, 2) studies that were carried out in Brazil and the World, 3) the research in scientific articles and books, 4) in English and Portuguese, 5) and articles that fit the criteria above, but more specific with the theme, the incidence of cancers generated by agrochemicals. The studies show that the pesticide has a great relation with the increase in the incidence of cancer, not only national but also worldwide. And that the toxicities of these chemical agents cause change in the cells. For this reason, it is extremely important to invest in health services and to promote policies for the prevention of chronic non transmissible diseases, due to the vulnerability of the Brazilian population to diseases caused by pesticides.