Efeitos da mudança da relação diferencial em um caminhão extra pesado considerando a perspectiva do ciclo de vida

Abstract

The number of vehicles in circulation has grown a lot in recent times. As a result, environmental legislation becomes more stringent. The automotive industry has sought to reduce the atmospheric emissions of its vehicles for more sustainable production and use, as well as protection of public health and environmental protection. In view of the environmental concern for emissions of pollutants, this study goal to highlight the environmental and economic effects resulting from the change in the differential ratio in an extra heavy truck, considering the perspective of the life cycle. For that, a bibliographic survey realized to contextualize the theme, with 30 articles studied. A case study was developed the economic and environmental perspective of a commercial truck with its altered axle differential. The results of the differential axle exchange were a reduction of five thousand liters of diesel consumed for the truck studied. For an economic perspective, the vehicle started to generate an annual savings of more than fifteen thousand real. In the environmental perspective, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used to quantify the impacts generated in diesel production using the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) method that evaluates the category related to the consumption of mineral and fossil resources, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessing Global Warming Potential. The result of the LCA showed a 6.82% reduction in resource extraction and a reduction of 6.52% in greenhouse gas emissions. Compared with the Brazilian fleet, the values are equivalent to twenty-five billion liters of oil that would no longer be used for the production of diesel.