Integração da avaliação do ciclo de vida e do custo do ciclo de vida: evitando trade-off entre abordagens ambientais e econômicas

Abstract

There is a frequent pressure to develop more sustainable productive processes. Organizations that add sustainability approach ensure competitive differentials and advantages in products and services. Two approaches of sustainability are economic and environmental issues. Measuring economic and environmental impacts provide better view of the system and decision-making on better sustainable project options. One problem identified in the literature is how to correlate approaches and avoid trade-off among them. Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost are tools widely used to count impacts. This paper aimed to analyze in the literature how to link the tools and avoid trade-off between economic and environment approaches. A systematic review was carried in the literature to set a research collection applied in multiple areas. A critical and comparative analysis of the articles in the collection was made to identify how to avoid the trade-off. In total, 39 articles were used in the analysis. Considering all, 92% of them presented integration methodology and 69% avoided trade-off. The researchers used two-dimensional graphs, mathematical models and complementary tools to avoid trade-off. The future of the subject depends on greater standardization of techniques. The total life cycle sustainability assessment also depends on the social life cycle assessment. With the integration of the techniques, stakeholders have been able to have greater visualization of the sustainable benefits of project, product and service options.