Efeito da época de colheita de trigo sobre as características reológicas e físico-químicas da farinha

Abstract

The process of harvest is considered of extreme importance, in order to grant the crop productivity as well as to ensure the final quality of the wheat grain. For this reason, the harvest might be accomplished in advance, aiming to escape the rain season during full ripeness, avoiding the issue of germination in the ear of wheat, among other problems. Intending to evaluate the effect of the harvest season in post-physiological maturation of wheat, an experiment was installed in Latossolo bruno, in the experimental demonstration field of ABC Foundation, Castro - PR, in 2011. The experiment was conducted with blocks lined by chance, with four treatments and four repetitions. The first treatment was collected when the wheat grain reached its physiological ripeness, the other treatments were collected with a delay of eight days. For measurement of the effect of the treatments, quantitative and qualitative parameters were evaluated in the wheat grain and wheat flour. Data obtained were submitted to variance analysis being the comparison of the averages accomplished in the Tukey test at a level of 5% of probability. The harvest delay provided significant reduction in productivity and Hectolitre Weight (PH) of wheat, in the quality of flour the variables influenced by the harvest delay were Falling Number (FN), Protein, Color and in the water absorption test in Farinography. For Alveography and Farinography there were not significant variations in the treatments. For productivity maintenance, grain and wheat flour quality, the harvest must be accomplished in a period near physiological maturation.