Avaliação in vitro de extratos de peixinho da horta (Stachys byzantina) obtidos por meio de solventes eutéticos profundos naturais

Abstract

Chronic diseases accounted for seven of the ten leading causes of death in the world in the last decade. Thus, the search for compounds with antioxidant action capable of preventing the onset of these diseases becomes essential. These compounds can be obtained by the unitary extraction operation, which requires the use of solvents, however, the conventional solvents currently used in research and industry can present a chemical hazard to the final product and to the handler. Studies are looking for effective green technologies to replace conventional solvents. The “peixinho da horta” (Stachys byzantina) is a PANC rich in vitamin A and a range of minerals such as iron and calcium, in addition to having a high antioxidant power and a high amount of total phenolics, which makes it an object of interest in this study. Thus, it was proposed to extract compounds with antioxidant potential from Stachys byzantina leaves using different combinations of natural deep eutectic solvents compared to conventional ones, in addition to investigating the best combination for the species with the response variables in content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. The extracts obtained were evaluated for phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. The contents of bioactive compounds ranged from 0.308 to 0.811 mg EAG.g -1 for total phenolics and from 0.030 to 1.162 mg EQ/g for total flavonoids. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts evaluated by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods ranged from 1.867 and 6.706 µmol ET.g -1 , 0.420 and 2.159 µmol ET.g -1 and 100.376 and 299.156 µmol ET.g -1 , respectively. The desirability function and principal component analysis (PCA) defined the LP-Ale-50% solvent as the best combination for the recovery of bioactive compounds of the species. The results show the superiority of NADES compared to conventional solvents and the content of compounds found indicate that the extracts can be used in future work with the aim of applying them in the food and pharmacological industry.