Caracterização de motores de corrente contínua com ímã permanente e comutador

Abstract

DC machines are power converters. In the case of the motor, it receives electrical energy and transforms it into mechanical energy, that is, it receives electrical energy from a DC source and converts the available shaft movement, rotation, torque. This paper aims to present a study on DC motors with permanent magnets and commutator that are used in the automotive industry and also used in robots. This work is basically divided into three stages: the first is a deepening of the DC motors, their functional and constructive aspects and the study of permanent magnet materials, highlighting their characteristics and applications; The second part of this work consists of a practical study with these machines elaborating a characterization of the engines through the empty test and locked rotor test. Finally, the third part is the survey of the curves of the main parameters previously found in order to compare with the theory studied. It can be seen that the results obtained were satisfactory, because it was compatible with the theory. The behavior of the characteristic curves of the studied motor obtained similar shapes to the theory, thus validating the tests performed.