Índice de risco de incêndios florestais para Maringá - Paraná

Abstract

The present study aimed to identify, through the Monte Alegre Formula, the critical periods for the occurrence of forest fires in the municipality of Maringá. Such forest fires represent a great problem to the environment in general, constituting one of the great threats to biodiversity and also to society. From 2017 to 2020, there has been an increase in the number of occurrences of forest fires in Maringá, which is a reason for apprehension. The main factors that directly influence the occurrence of a forest fire are precipitation, humidity, temperature and combustible material. For this work, daily precipitation and relative humidity data obtained from the Main Climatological Station of Maringá (ECPM) for the period 1976-2020 were considered. Fire occurrence data were extracted from information from satellites available on the official website of the Burning Data Bank – BDQUEIMADAS, of the National Institute for Space Research – INPE. In the analysis of the critical period for the occurrence of fires, only the period from 2007 to 2020 was taken into account. During this period, it was possible to verify that in Maringá there were 414 fire outbreaks, with 54% of the days considered critical for the occurrence of fire, with 24% classified as High and 30% classified as Very High. The months belonging to the autumn-winter seasons are the ones with the highest probability of fire occurrence, with winter being the most critical season, considering that 224 days with a high degree of danger and 751 days with a very high degree were recorded. Of the total fire outbreaks, 55.8% occured between the months of July, August and September related to the analyzed period.