Análise da variabilidade genética de Butia paraguayensis (Barb.Rodr.) Bailey (Arecaceae) no cerrado do planalto de Campo Mourão

Abstract

The following study aimed to analyze the genetic variability from ISSR molecular markers in individuals of Butia paraguayensis (Arecaceae) of great historical and cultural importance, due to the lack of genetic data of the species for the county, its classification as endangered and the presence only in the Cerrado remnants for the state of Paraná. Leaf samples were collected from twenty-four accessions in two distinct areas, the Cerrado remnant and the Federal Technological University of Paraná. The samples sent to the Laboratory of Molecular Biology underwent extraction and purification processes, polymerase chain reaction and electrophoresis, being statistically analyzed for the polymorphic content of the primers, and diversity indexes such as genetic similarity by Jaccard index, number of observed and effective alleles, genetic diversity of Nei and Shannon and its genetic and geographical distance correlation in Mantel test. Five primers obtained a good amplification pattern with PIC ranging between 0.14 and 0.21 and temperatures ranging between 46 ºC and 54.8 ºC. The average observed allele count was 1.55 and the effective allele count was 1.25. The Nei diversity index was equal to 0.15 and the Shannon index equal to 0.23 indicating a low level of diversity as well as in the polymorphism rate (52%). Jaccard's similarity for the twenty-four samples ranged from 0.0714 to 0.9167. Mantel's test revealed r = 0.03 resulting in geographic distance as not very significant relative to genetic distance. The low genetic variability denotes the importance of further studies for adequate management of the remaining individuals of B. paraguayensis from Campo Mourão.