Restauração florestal de sistema complexo: proposta de modelo para recuperação florestal de uma área degradada pelo uso como depósito de torta de enxofre filtrado

Abstract

In Cajati (SP), the extraction of phosphatic ore for the production of dicalcium phosphate and its related activities are among the industrial and mining activities that impact the environment. The activities of mining, processing and processing, cause changes in the environment that reflect changes in environmental processes, among the uses, we have the occupation of areas to dispose and store waste and tailings. Faced with the challenges of contemporary society, the linear economic model has become ineffective, and the circular economy is one of the paths to face these problems, that is, the circular economy associates the economic development to a better use of natural resources, promoting new business models and technologies that enables the reuse and commercialization of materials previously considered waste and tailings. Among the opportunities enhanced by this model, there is the resumption of previously occupied areas and their availability for restoration of environmental processes. In 1997, a deposit was installed in Cajati in the industrial complex to dispose of and store the residue of filtered sulfur cake obtained in the sulfuric acid manufacturing process. The enterprise developed a product from this waste, consuming its generation and eliminating the need for disposal and storage. However, the stock did not obtain the necessary specifications for production, being, according to its characteristics studied and applied in another business modality, an initiative that allowed the dispatch of stored waste, decommissioning of the deposit and availability of the area to restoration of environmental processes. In this context, this forest restoration project presents a proposal that is based on the integrating ecological model for the recovery of the degraded area, treating the degraded area as a dynamic, complex and hypersensitive system to the initial conditions of land preparation.