Análise da aplicação da ultrassonografia na detecção de lesões hepáticas nos casos de esteatose tipo 2: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Hepatic steatosis type 2, characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver, represents a significant clinical challenge, especially due to the risk of progression to more severe stages, such as fibrosis and cirrhosis. Ultrasound has emerged as one of the main imaging methods for early detection and monitoring of liver lesions associated with this condition. This study aimed to analyze the application of ultrasound in identifying liver lesions in cases of hepatic steatosis type 2, highlighting its effectiveness, advantages, and limitations compared to other imaging diagnostic techniques. Through a literature review, the main ultrasonographic approaches used in clinical practice were evaluated, including conventional ultrasound, diagnostic ultrasound, and advanced techniques such as elastography and attenuation imaging (ATI). The results of the analysis of 17 studies indicated that ultrasound is a valuable tool in the screening and monitoring of hepatic steatosis type 2, showing good sensitivity in detecting structural changes in the liver. However, its accuracy can be influenced by factors such as the operator’s experience and limitations in differentiating between steatosis and other liver pathologies. It was concluded that, despite its limitations, ultrasound remains an essential method for the initial diagnosis and monitoring of the progression of hepatic steatosis type 2, especially when combined with complementary imaging techniques.