Caracterização de óleos comestíveis de alto valor agregado: propriedades físico-químicas, perfil cromatográfico e atividade antioxidante

Abstract

Oils containing high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's), such as linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oleic essential to the human body has a variety of industrial purposes. Examples are oils of chia seeds, pumpkin, green coffee, baru and nuts that also have other properties favorable to health as antioxidant activity. You must know the exact composition of the oils, given there is variation due to the harvest, climatic conditions and packaging. This study aimed to characterize the oils obtained from cold pressings of pumpkin seed seeds, chia, green coffee, baru and walnut. Also, the pie extraction of chia seeds was analyzed. For pie extraction of chia seeds, physico-chemical characteristics of ash were evaluated, moisture, total lipids, proteins. For oils, carbohydrates were determined acidity, moisture, density, specific extinction and the quantification of essential fatty acids by gas chromatography. It was also held for the oil and pie extraction antioxidant activity (DPPH *) and content of phenolic compounds. The percentage of oleic, linoleic and linolenic remained consistent with those found by other authors, except for linolenic acid pumpkin seed oil which showed values higher than the literature. The values for total phenolics and antioxidant activity is also present close to the results obtained in the literature for both oil seed and for the resulting pie chia oil extraction. Therefore, it is concluded that the oils studied in this work are promising alternatives as sources of essential fatty acids to the human body. Chia seeds after oil extraction can be considered a source of protein and phenolic antioxidants.