Geolocalização de dispositivo de baixo consumo em ambiente rural

Abstract

Due to the rising interest in the development of Internet of Things, there has been a high demand of geolocated electronic devices in the last few years. The necessity to carry out the geolocation of devices in large areas, such as the rural environment, has the energy consumption as a limiting factor. The developed project presents a solution where the geolocated device, tracker, demands low power consumption using a LoRa radio, which employs Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology, performing calculations that lead to the position of the device through algorithms of Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The system architecture consists of three bases that arrange a triangular region where the tracker is located. These bases use GPS modules to achieve temporal synchronization with the precision of hundreds of nanoseconds. Tests were performed, resulting in estimates of accuracy between 66 m to 253 m and precision between 32 m to 210 m for the TDOA method. Using the found data of timestamps and positions, the system was modeled in MATLAB obtaining results close to those observed in practice.