Tratamento de efluente de restaurante universitário por wetland construído de fluxo vertical com leito parcialmente saturado

Abstract

Vertical flow constructed wetlands are an attractive alternative for wastewater treatment due to its potencial in descentralization systems, low implantantion, operation and maintenance costs. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of a constructed wetland system of vertical flow with partially saturated bed planted with Heliconia rostrata in the treatment of sewage generated in a university restaurant. The saturation of the bed height was 25 centimeters. The experiment was conducted at the UTFPR – Campus Londrina and was monitored for six months. The system was fed twice a day with two pulses of 25 liters of sewage. Raw sewage and effluent samples were collected and subjected to physical and chemical analysis, where they: COD, alkalinity, pH, nitrogen series, total solids and total solids suspended. The average load applied to the system were 38.2 g / m²d of COD, 3.94 g / m²d of NTK, 1.6 g / m²d of ammonia - nitrogen, 2.23 g / m²d organic - nitrogen, and 4.11 g / m²d of total nitrogen. The system efficiencies of removal were 95.34% for COD, 96.96% for NTK, 93.99% for ammonia-nitrogen and 69.39% for Total Nitrogen. The removed loads were 36.35 g / m²d of COD, 3.8 g / m²d of NTK, 1.55 g / m²d of ammonia - nitrogen, 2.23 g / m²d organic nitrogen and 2.89 g / m²d total nitrogen. The results showed that the use of this type of system is efficient in the removal of pollutants, and especially in removing nitrogen.