Mapeamento de áreas potenciais para a implantação de usinas oceânicas na zona costeira do Brasil

Abstract

With the development of society and the evolution of science and technology, the world's energy needs have captured the attention of many scientists, researchers, industry players, regulators and the general public to be attentive and charge for energies that do not intensify the climate problems and will minimize it. Concerning the depletion of fossil fuels, several global measures involving government commitments and goals are being agreed so that the generation of energy from this source can be exchanged for renewable energy sources. This work brings the mapping of potential areas for the implantation of ocean power plants in the coastal zone of Brazil. And to demonstrate the areas suitable for power plants of this type of concept is used the multicriteria analysis. A multicriteria analysis was carried out with the distance data of the road network, urban areas, outlets, conservation units, ports, transmission lines and substations. The criteria were modeled by means of fuzzy inference and later the weighting of the criteria by the same method was applied. Maps have been generated that allow the visual analysis of the areas most suitable for implantation of the ocean power plant. The potential for the implementation of the ocean power plant was also calculated. Two areas suitable for installation of the project were identified. The highest values of installation potential are found in the coastal region of northeastern Brazil, the municipalities of Areia Branca in the state of Rio Grande do Norte and Camocim in the state of Ceará. It was possible to conclude that the geoprocessing tools, more specifically the multicriteria analysis, can be used in the management of the municipalities as tools of urban planning, with the purpose of diversifying the energy matrix.