Implantação da agricultura de precisão em cultivo de soja na Fazenda Giacomini localizada em Xanxerê-SC

Abstract

The precision agriculture model works in a localized way to deal with the heterogeneities of the productive areas in order to obtain positive results in the efficient use of natural, financial and human resources, in addition to seeking the sum in the final productivity of the cultures of interests. This resource management model is in opposition to conventional standards for the application of fixed-rate inputs, which generally fail to standardize management zones, inducing underdoses and overdoses. In this context, the objective of the work was to implement precision agriculture on property located in Xanxerê-SC, under soybean cultivation in the 2018/2019 agricultural year. For the development of the study project, sampling was carried out at a depth of 0-20 cm, with 33 georeferenced points distributed in a quadratic way with a distance of 70.71 m X 70.71 each sampling point. The collected data were interpolated using isoline and raster maps, providing input and correction application maps at variable rates. There was a saving of 40.13% in the total application of the calcitic lime corrector when compared to the precision agriculture model versus the producer standard, while in the application of triple superphosphate the saving was 19.84%. In the case of potassium fertilization, there was an increase in the total amount to be applied of 15.09%. The final productivity map of the crop showed a decrease of 6.64% in production when compared to the previous year, which used the producer standard. In such a way we can justify the drop in production by the field conditions that constantly change, the decrease being attributed to the hypothesis of water stress in the reproductive phenological period.