Tratamento de água de abastecimento com aplicação da Moringa oleífera líquida e em pó em diferentes concentrações de solução salina

Abstract

Many studies have been carried out on the treatment of surface water with the use of natural coagulants, one of which is Moringa oleifera. These studies have pointed to Moringa oleifera as an efficient natural coagulant, which can be used both for urban water supply and for wastewater, posing no risk to human health. Therefore, this work has as objective to prove the potentiation of Moringa oleifera as a natural coagulant, to improve the potability of the water supply and to verify the best way of applying this coagulant. In order to compare the efficiency of seed application with saline the following treatments were determined: M1: Moringa oleifera powder in sachets and 24 g NaCl; M2: Moringa oleifera powder in sachets and 12 g NaCl; M3: Moringa oleifera liquid and 24g NaCl; M4: Moringa oleifera liquid and 12g NaCl; M5: Moringa oleifera powder on dispersion and 24g NaCl. The parameters analyzed were pH, temperature, apparent color, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total solids, total coliforms and Escherichia coli. For the parameters pH and temperature it was observed that they did not obtain significant variations compared with the gross value during the test. The saline solution increased the electrical conductivity values for all treatments, but were more evident in treatments M5 and M6 reaching 400mS.cm-1. The M4 treatment had the highest percentages of removal for apparent color, turbidity and total solids reaching 96.8%, 98.6% and 87.4% removal efficiency, respectively. The analysis of total coliforms and E. coli proved the efficiency of the filtration process in the removal of microorganisms, evidencing the importance of this step in the treatment of water. The statistical analyzes showed significant differences for the parameters apparent color, turbidity and electrical conductivity, especially for the M5 and M6 treatments. In view of the results, the efficiency of the Moringa oleifera coagulant in liquid form with 12 g of NaCl is verified for the analyzed parameters as the best option for water treatment.